UNSPOKEN CHALLENGES: SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL LIFE OF FEMALE NURSES IN KARACHI

Abstract

Sexual harassment poses a deep challenge in Pakistan, especially in environments where women may face distinctive vulnerabilities. This study delves into the experiences of female nurses in government hospitals in Karachi, assessing how different forms of harassment impact their professional life, mental health, and overall well-being. Employing a qualitative methodology, twenty female nurses from major government hospital in Karachi shared personal narratives of harassment, offering insights into the prevalence and nature of these incidents, a thematic analysis approach was adopted to identify and analyze the key findings. The findings indicate that entrenched societal norms, in which men occupy dominant positions of authority, perpetuate a culture of power imbalance, thereby reinforcing the vulnerability of women in the workplace and stifling their ability to address harassment. Participants reported a broad range of adverse effects, ranging from psychological distress to professional limitations and social isolation. These experiences underscore an urgent need for reform at both the institutional and societal levels. To promote a safer workplace, the study emphasizes the importance of raising awareness, enhancing reporting mechanisms, and strengthening policies that specifically support female healthcare professionals. Furthermore, this study calls for comprehensive policy interventions and organizational efforts to empower women in Pakistan’s healthcare sector. Addressing these challenges holistically could not only improve workplace safety for female nurses but also set a precedent for wider societal change in safeguarding women’s rights and dignity.